The American Board of Dermatology has established certification and maintenance of certification processes for the subspecialties of Dermatopathology, Clinical and Laboratory Dermatological Immunology, and Pediatric Dermatology. These subspecialty certifications have been approved by the American Board of Medical Specialties and its 24 member boards. Surveillance and periodic reviews of the training programs are carried out by the respective RRCs (Dermatopathology), under the auspices of the Accreditation Council for Gradute Medical Education (ACGME), and/or by the ABD (Clinical and Laboratory Dermatological Immunology, and Pediatric Dermatology). Although all general dermatology residents receive comprehensive training in each of these subspecialties, candidates who pursue the additional year(s) of training in subspecialty fellowships will have met additional standards and qualifications that will prepare them for specialized careers in teaching, research, and/or the practice of these subspecialties. It is emphasized also that the additional year(s) of training in Clinical and Laboratory Dermatological Immunology and Pediatric Dermatology must be taken after the candidate has met the full training requirements for certification in the primary specialty of Dermatology. Similarly, the additional year(s) of training in Dermatopathology must be taken after the candidate has met the full training requirements for certification in the primary specialty of Dermatology or Pathology.